Github ethereum javascript console

In particular it fetches the associated nonce. Having the nonce, the public address, and the signature, the back end can then cryptographically verify that the nonce has been correctly signed by the user. If this is the case, then the user has proven ownership of the public address, and we can consider her or him authenticated. A JWT or session identifier can then be returned to the front end. Step 6: Change the Nonce Back-end To prevent the user from logging in again with the same signature in case it gets compromised , we make sure that the next time the same user wants to log in, she or he needs to sign a new nonce.

This is achieved by generating another random nonce for this user and persisting it to the database. This is how we manage a nonce-signing passwordless login flow. Why the Login Flow Works Authentication, by definition, is really only the proof of ownership of an account. To prevent the case where a hacker gets hold of one particular message and your signature of it but not your actual private key , we enforce the message to sign to be: Provided by the back end, and Regularly changing We changed it after each successful login in our explanation, but a timestamp-based mechanism could also be imagined.

I created a small demo app for the purpose of this article. It returns a JWT on successful authentication. React single-page application on the front-end. I try to use as few libraries as I can. I hope the code is simple enough so that you can easily port it to other tech stacks.

The whole project can be seen in this GitHub repository. A demo is hosted here. We initialize nonce as a random big number. This number should be changed after each successful login. I also added an optional username field here that the user would be able to change. A more rigorous implementation would add a validation function to check that all addresses here are valid Ethereum addresses.

Step 2: Generate Nonces Back-end This is done in the defaultValue function in the model definition above. If no, create it. Then we check whether this publicAddress is already present or not on the back end. We either retrieve it, if the user already exists, or if not, we create a new account in the handleSignup method.

We now have in our possession a user given by the back end be it retrieved or newly created. In particular, we have their nonce and publicAddress. This is done in the handleSignMessage function. Do note that web3. We need to convert our UTFencoded string to hex format using web3. Step 5: Signature Verification Back-end This is the slightly more complicated part.

The first step is to retrieve from the database the user with said publicAddress; there is only one because we defined publicAddress as a unique field in the database. The next block is the verification itself. There is some cryptography involved. If you feel adventurous I recommend you reading more about elliptic curve signatures. To summarize this block, what it does is, given our msg containing the nonce and our signature, the ecrecover function outputs the public address used to sign the msg.

If it matches our publicAddress from the request body, then the user who made the request successfully proved their ownership of publicAddress. We consider them authenticated. This is a classic authentication scheme, and the code for integrating JWT with your back end you can find in the repo.

Step 6: Change the Nonce Back-end The final step is to change the nonce, for security reasons. Simplified UX: This is a one-click okay, maybe two-click login flow, done in a handful of seconds, without the need to type or remember any password. Note: Although there are some internal protective measures to prevent transactions from crossing over between the main network and test network, you should make sure to always use separate accounts for play-money and real-money.

Unless you manually move accounts, Geth will by default correctly separate the two networks and will not make any accounts available between them. Full node on the Rinkeby test network The above test network is a cross client one based on the ethash proof-of-work consensus algorithm. Go Ethereum also supports connecting to a proof-of-authority based test network called Rinkeby operated by members of the community. This network is lighter, more secure, but is only supported by go-ethereum.

It will also create a persistent volume in your home directory for saving your blockchain as well as map the default ports. There is also an alpine tag available for a slim version of the image. Do not forget --rpcaddr 0. By default, geth binds to the local interface and RPC endpoints is not accessible from the outside.

Programatically interfacing Geth nodes As a developer, sooner rather than later you'll want to start interacting with Geth and the Ethereum network via your own programs and not manually through the console. You can reuse the same connection for multiple requests! Hackers on the internet are actively trying to subvert Ethereum nodes with exposed APIs!

Further, all browser tabs can access locally running webservers, so malicious webpages could try to subvert locally available APIs! Operating a private network Maintaining your own private network is more involved as a lot of configurations taken for granted in the official networks need to be manually set up.

Defining the private genesis state First, you'll need to create the genesis state of your networks, which all nodes need to be aware of and agree upon. This consists of a small JSON file e. Make sure to replace the displayed IP address information most probably [::] with your externally accessible IP to get the actual enode URL. Note: You could also use a full fledged Geth node as a bootnode, but it's the less recommended way.

It will probably also be desirable to keep the data directory of your private network separated, so do also specify a custom --datadir flag. For information on such a setup, please consult the EtherMining subreddit and the Genoil miner repository. In a private network setting however, a single CPU miner instance is more than enough for practical purposes as it can produce a stable stream of blocks at the correct intervals without needing heavy resources consider running on a single thread, no need for multiple ones either.

You can further tune the mining by changing the default gas limit blocks converge to --targetgaslimit and the price transactions are accepted at --gasprice. Contribution Thank you for considering to help out with the source code! We welcome contributions from anyone on the internet, and are grateful for even the smallest of fixes! If you'd like to contribute to go-ethereum, please fork, fix, commit and send a pull request for the maintainers to review and merge into the main code base.

Please make sure your contributions adhere to our coding guidelines: Code must adhere to the official Go formatting guidelines i. Code must be documented adhering to the official Go commentary guidelines.

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This can be used to load often used functions, setup web3 contract objects, or The console and attach subcommand accept the --exec argument which is a javascript statement. Parameters to loadScript with no absolute path will be understood relative to this directory. Note that the other known limitation of Otto namely the lack of timers is taken care of.

In addition to this, the console provides admin. Since web3. It implements setInterval, clearInterval, setTimeout, clearTimeout you may be used to using in browser windows. It also provides implementation for admin. The go ethereum package comes with a console client which has support for all additional API's.

Most developers prefer to use convenience libraries that abstract away some of the more tedious and awkward tasks such as converting values from hexadecimal strings into numbers, or converting between denominations of ether Wei, Gwei, etc. One such library is Web3. This is a collection of Javascript libraries for interacting with an Ethereum node at a higher level than sending raw JSON objects to the node. Note: The web3. There are several Web3. Starting the console There are two ways to start an interactive session using Geth console.

The first is to provide the console command when Geth is started up. This starts the node and runs the console in the same terminal. It is therefore convenient to suppress the logs from the node to prevent them from obscuring the console. Alternatively, if the logs are required they can be redirected to a text file. In this case, geth attach can be used to open a Javascript console connected to the Geth node. It is also necessary to define the method used to connect the console to the node.

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Note that the other known limitation of Otto namely the lack of timers is taken care of. In addition to this, the console provides admin. Since web3. It implements setInterval, clearInterval, setTimeout, clearTimeout you may be used to using in browser windows. It also provides implementation for admin. The go ethereum package comes with a console client which has support for all additional API's.

So be careful which API's you enable. By default geth enables all API's over the ipc interface and only the eth,net and web3 API's over the rpc and ws interface. To determine which API's an interface provides the modules transaction can be used, e. It is also necessary to define the method used to connect the console to the node.

It is possible to force account unlock by including the --allow-insecure-unlock flag but this is not recommended if there is any chance of the node connecting to Ethereum Mainnet. When Geth is started, a geth. For example, to create an account: personal. This is useful for setting up complex contract objects or loading frequently-used functions. The result is displayed directly in the terminal rather than in an interactive Javascript console.

For example, to display the accounts in the keystore: geth attach --exec eth. Any parameters passed to loadScript that do not explicitly define an absolute path will be interpreted relative to the jspath directory. It implements setInterval, clearInterval, setTimeout, clearTimeout which some users will be familiar with from browser windows. It also provides implementation for admin. This does not support promises or async functions. Web3js depends upon the bignumber.

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